The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen sources on the production of biosurfactants from locally isolated mycoflora of Southern Punjab Pakistan. Several fresh isolated fungal strains were screened by which Aspergillus niger EH6o was observed to best surfactant production (≥20 g/l of glycolipids) among all the strains. Further optimization was performed to Aspergillus niger EH6o by using different nitrogen sources (NaHCO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)SO4, NaNO3, NH4NO3) at pH (2.5-8.0) temperatures (20-60ºC) and incubation periods (24- 120 h). Aspergillus niger EH6o was observed to gave maximum surfactant yield (25g/l) at 0.5% NaNO3 provided with 0.1% olive oil (initial pH 5.5) when hatched at 27°C for 96h. In Conclusion, as the economical point of view the crude surfactant produced by Aspergillus niger EH6o were observed to have improved qualities when tested with commercial surfactants like CTAB and SDS.

Mapping literary history has become an ambitious and daunting endeavour that demands a rethinking of the very concepts that underlie the process in the wake of the challenges and possibilities raised by the shifts in methodological paradigms. Re-thinking stipulates a fresh outlook that demands a reconsideration of all the terms and conditions for inclusion and exclusion. The terms “Indian” and “literary” themselves have become problematic terms of reference that necessitate a reframing in the contested terrain of the present that has hatched itself on the past to produce new systems of operation in power relations.

We aimed to investigate relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence with mental health of students of Islamic Azad University of Zanjan. The population of this research was Students of Islamic Azad University that 300 subjects were randomly selected as sample. The sample consisted of undergraduate academic degree, bachelor's and master's degree requirements. Measures were General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Emotional Intelligence Inventory-(EQ-I) and Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS). To analyze data simultaneous multiple regression analysis method (MANOVA) was used. The results showed that spiritual and emotional intelligence are overlapping on intervening example of intelligence, spiritual intelligence can r improve emotional intelligence. It is hoped that the findings for intervention in field of spiritual and emotional intelligence can be useful and also by using these results, we hope to increase level of mental health.

Plant selectable markers genes are commonly used in genetic transformation experiments to select transgenic plants from non transgenic plants. These selection markers genes affect both the targeted and non targeted living organisms. Various techniques have been developed for excision of lethal selectable marker gene from the genetic engineered plants. Selectable marker genes can be efficiently removed from plants genome by many ways such as by using non toxic chemicals for selection, co-transformation vector system, site specific recombination under the expression of inducible promoters and multiauto-transformation system. These techniques are very useful to control the environmental hazards associated to these marker genes. In this review we describe the current issues related to various plant selectable marker genes, to highlight various safe techniques to remove these toxic markers genes from transgenic plants and emphasize on the responsible conducts of scientists to develop new marker free transgenic plants by using safe marker free techniques in future.

The purpose of the study was to explore the information seeking behavior of the farmers. Data were collected from randomly selected 80 farmers of selected two upazilas of Tangail district in Bangladesh from 10-30 March, 2013. The findings indicate that information related to crop protection (SINI-77.08), marketing (SINI- 74.16) and climate (SINI-74.16) was the prime of the farmers. Among fourteen selected information sources, pesticide dealer (IUI-172), seed dealer (IUI-171), and mass media (IUI-152), was used more by the farmers. The findings also indicates that the farmers were interested to new knowledge (63%) and 55% of the respondents collect information personally from various sources, sometimes from their neighbors or friends (53%). It was found that the collected information, in case of knowledge upgrading, 53.8% of the respondents perceived as completely effective while in case of understanding (51.2%) and in case of application (43.8%) is completely effective, respectively. So, it is necessary to provide the farmers with useful agricultural information for their betterment and it is also need to motivate farmers seeking more information from different sources.

Purpose of this research is to study and understand the personal interaction in customer relationship management within the project of business. It was preferred and anticipated to find the relationship and dependency of the personal interaction and customer relationship management in project. For analyzing the data, primary data collection technique a questionnaire was used. A questionnaire, of hundred copies, was disbursed among hundred peoples. The study results reveal that personal interaction is positively influenced over customer relationship. The study discloses two specific functions that join personal interaction with customer relationship management. These two functions clarify the significance of personal interaction and reveal the contents of interaction that should be measured in relationship and project management. Moreover it is demonstrated that how two situational factors authority and is prejudiced by personal interaction. The study suggests precise conceptualization of personal interaction as a part of project business management.

In recent years, there has been an international movement towards recognizing the rights of the child and banning corporal punishment in all countries. Sweden was the first country to pass the first explicit ban on corporal punishment. The UN convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is an international convention, which covers the specific rights of children under the age of 18 years. All countries expect the United States of America and Somalia have ratified the CRC. By doing so, the countries have agreed to implement all obligations set out in the CRC in their respective countries. India ratified the CRC in 1995. Article 19 of the CRC protects children from all forms of physical and mental violence. The bill of Abolition of Corporal Punishment in Educational Institutions Bill, 2010 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on the 25th February, 2011. This paper includes the perception of PGTs from Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh about different forms of classroom discipline and legal abolition of corporal punishment. The teachers were requested to give reasons for their answers if they agree/disagree for the legal abolition of corporal punishment. Some of the teachers were agree with legal abolition of corporal punishment because use of punishment is an effective way of solving learners misbehaviours in class, while most of teachers were disagree with the abolition of corporal punishment.

Cognitive styles refer to the preferred way individual processes information. Cognitive development implies the progressive change in mental process which goes on from birth to death. Cognitive process is an activity on the part of the organism, which is of a psychological nature. In this paper an attempt has been made to study cognitive styles of J.B.T. trainees of district Hamirpur in Himachal Pradesh in India with respect to gender, locale, stream & family status variables. J.B.T. trainees are the main people who help in the primary level of education of child. In this study researcher uses causal comparative method of research. Sample was drawn by random sampling, stratified sampling, incidental sampling and purposive sampling from the target population. Sample of 140 J.B.T. trainees was drawn from 5 institutes of district Hamirpur in Himachal Pradesh state. Kirton adaptation/ innovation inventory (KAI) was used in present study. Kirton adaptation/ innovation inventory (KAI) is a paper & pencil measure of cognitive style leading to characteristics pattern of problem solving & decision making. Scoring was done on a five point Likert format. And the‘t’ test was performed for testing the hypotheses. Result shows that highly significant differences were found among Arts male & Arts female J.B.T. trainees and significant differences were found among Science male & Arts male J.B.T. trainees in district Hamirpur of Himachal Pradesh with respect to their cognitive styles (Innovation/Adaptation).

The present article is documented with five sections being originated from review process the book titled “Current Scenario of Higher Education in Sikkim” authored by Dr. KNS Mudaliar and published by the SRM University, Sikkim. Sikkim State Higher Education-- a promising sector for harvesting more with low expenditure on Employment Based Education is a visionary monologue by the author, set to open up new vistas to livelihood through education. The book is an educational panorama that provides a gestalt view on current state of higher education in Sikkim. Pictures that are depicted on the cover page provide a gross outlook of how challenging for the state to educate its citizenry. The blurb is being meaningfully articulated a paragraph where the author has submitted that the book describes origin and development of institutions imparting higher education in the state and gives emphasis on their present status. The author has claimed that an analysis has been made on the prospects of the SSHE during 21st century. The back side of cover page contains the profile of the author has been lucidly articulated. An Emeritus Scientist; recipient of Padmashree, Bharat Bhusan, Padma Vibhusan, Professor M.S. Swaminathan’s foreword on the book highlights significance of higher education, in general, in terms of cultivating humanism, tolerance, reasoning, adventure of ideas, and search of truth. Published by SriRamasamy Memorial University(Sikkim), contents of the book introduce strength and potentialities of the state followed with historical development of state education, advent of modern school education, history and development of higher education in the state. Being documented with more than seventy six pages, the book devotes chapters on Colleges, Technical Training Institutions, and Universities as Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Before drawing conclusion to the entire endeavour, author has critically analyzed prospects of higher education for Sikkim especially with reference to 21st century. The book is not less than an epic being entombed with meaningful monologues and insights of a scholar who has dedicated his service for the cause of national development through education.

As we cannot integrate every function so it is not possible to solve every differential equation. Even the differential equation of first order and first degree cannot be solved in every case. They can be solved, however, if they belong to standard forms. During the past halcentury, the growth in power and availability of digital computers has led to an increasing use of realistic mathematical models in science and engineering, and numerical analysis of increasing sophistication has been needed to solve these more detailed mathematical models of the world. The formal academic area of numerical analysis varies from quite theoretical mathematical studies to computer science issues.

The study investigated the effect of strategic content learning on mathematics achievement of students with learning disability. It employed a quasi experimental non-equivalent control group, pretestposttest research design. The population was all 864 senior secondary II students in the 14 public secondary schools and a sample of all 47 (males-23, females-24) senior secondary II students drawn from intact classes in four randomly sampled coeducation secondary schools in Uzo-uwani local government area of Nsukka education zone, Enugu State, Nigeria. Two instructional programmes were developed and used for the study; they are mathematics/strategic content learning instructional plan (MSCLIP) and Mathematics conventional teaching lesson plan (MCTLP). Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The findings revealed that intervention with strategic content learning significantly improved mathematics achievement of students with mathematics learning disability and that gender as a factor does not have a significant influence on the mathematics achievement of students with mathematics learning disability taught using strategic content learning.

This study was designed to ascertain the influence of parentchild interaction on in-school adolescents’ interest in learning in Nsukka Education Zone, Enugu State, Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design. The population was 4592 senior secondary two (SS II) in-school adolescents in public secondary schools in Nsukka Education Zone was used and 595 pupils were purposively sampled and used for the study. Three research questions and two null hypotheses, tested at 0.05 probability level guided the study. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection, the Parentchild Interaction Questionnaire (PCIQ) and Adolescents Interest for Learning Questionnaire (AILQ). The data collected was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. The study revealed that parent-child interaction influences students’ interest in learning and that gender may not have influence on students’ interest in learning. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among othersthat government should introduce programmes that will educate parents on the need to adopt warmth parent-child interaction in the course of their child upbringing and socialization.

The problem of pollution with agricultural waste is representing one of the permanent environmental problems because of the large amount of waste poses from one hand and continuation poses of these wastes to environment year-around on the other hand. This research aims to try to resolve this problem through the realization of maximum benefit from pomegranate (Punica granatum) peels as agricultural wastes by extraction of antioxidants (phenolics) using including water as a natural solvent at different operating conditions of (water/waste) ratio, extraction temperature and time of extraction process. After that natural toothpaste has been prepared from the waste of pomegranate peel residue remaining from antioxidants extraction process by mixing it with some other natural substances. The results show that the maximum yield of antioxidants (phenolics) produced was 20.15% at (water/waste) ratio, extraction temperature and time of extraction process of 20:1, 45°C and 300 minute respectively. The results also illustrate that the toothpaste gives whiter for teeth higher than the ordinary toothpaste. Thus, it has been eliminate of pomegranate peel in a meaningful, economic and ecofriendly way.

Food security is one of the biggest challenges being currently faced by Pakistan. There is no second opinion that it is the responsibility of the state to ensure food for its citizens, however due to different reasons food for all is yet to be achieved in Pakistan. Food security issues are high in KPK and FATA, although Punjab is considered to be one of the most secure region with respect to Pakistan. However, this proposed study highlights Potohar, northern region in Punjab as one of the upcoming threats of food insecurity region. 12% of Potohar districts population is food insecure, and another 38% at the border line is a threatening indicator for the country. The rate of growth has been increasing since 1951 in Potohar region as compared to the growth rate of rest of country. The study concludes that initiatives for promotion of small scale farming are mandatory for achieving the sustainable living at the study area as well as ensuring food security. In the end certain policy measures are mentioned that can be helpful in achieving food security in the similar area.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the involvement of Adolescent in different Extracurricular Activities and Positive Development in Government and Private Schools’ students in the Academic year 2012-2013. The present study was conducted at Lucknow District in Uttar Pradesh. The sample were selected through Purposive random sampling. Two schools were selected from among Government, then two from among Private schools. 60 students of Government schools (30 Kendriya Vidyalaya, Bijnaur and 30 Army Public School Cantt.) who participated in extracurricular activities and 60 students of Private Schools (30 Lucknow Public School, South city and 30 City Montessori School, LDA colony, sec. A) who also participated in extracurricular activities were selected. 120 Student of Age group between 13 to 16 years comprised the sample of the study. Self made questionnaire were distributed among the School students to get information. The data obtained was analyzed by the use of SPSS Software (20 version) package and application of the percentage and the statistical methods of T- test for Independent groups, and the following result were achieved. The Result from Statistical Analysis revealed that all the 6 types of extracurricular activities, viz. Yoga, Horse riding, Sport activities, Dance, Music and Indoor and outdoor games together showed significant role in Positive Development of Adolescents, who had participated in the Extracurricular Activities in Government and Private Schools. Finally in this study a fairly valid result; importance of Extracurricular Activities to the Students should be highly emphasized and the Positive Development related to foster either academic achievement or self esteem.

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important leafy vegetable of family Umbelliferae with small fruits of great medicinal and nutritional value used as spice and condiment. As a marginal spice crop it is cultivated worldwide since centuries but its genetic diversity has rarely been documented. Present study was conducted to evaluate 69 coriander accessions from Pakistan, China, India and Iran for eight morphological characters i.e. number of days until start of flowering (DtFs), Number of days until end of flowering (DtFe), Number of days until harvesting (DtH), Number of days to stem elongation (DtSE), Plant height (cm), Length of longest basal leaf (cm), Number of basal leaves and 1000 fruit weight (grams). Data analyses revealed considerable genetic variability vis-à-vis eight agromorphological parameters. Coefficient of variation (CV %) was higher for number of basal leaves (74.26), largest basal leaf length (33.89), plant height (33.24) and DtSE (22.42). Moderate variability was recorded for days to flower start (20.62) and 1000 seed weight (13.70). Pearson correlation revealed strong association between different traits i.e. days to start of flowering (DtFs) days to harvesting (DtH), number of basal leaves (NBL), length of basal leaves and 1000 seed weight had direct positive effect on each other. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using Ward’s method which classified all genotypes within 4 major groups. Clustering pattern of accessions was synchronized with morphological characters of the genotypes instead of geographical origin of the accessions. However non-local accessions like Chinese, Indian and Iranian grouped together in cluster IV.

Perceived self-efficacy is a significant determinant of performance that operates partially independently of underlying skills. It involves a generative capability in which one must organize cognitive, social and behavior skills into integrated courses of action. Over 501 secondary prospective teachers (B.Ed. students) from eight private B.Ed. Institutions of Himachal Pradesh were selected using simple random sampling. The instrument used in this study is Hindi version of Swarzer’s General Self-Efficacy Scale which was adapted by the researchers. Results indicated that male prospective teachers were having higher level of self-efficacy than their counterpart female prospective teachers. Also, there was no significant difference in selfefficacy of high and average achieving groups but there exited significant differences in self-efficacy among high & low and average & low groups of prospective teachers. Further, prospective teachers with high academic achievement had significantly higher level of selfefficacy than low achievement group and average achievers were also significantly higher on self-efficacy than low achievers.

This study was attempted to investigate the reasons and important measures of avoidance, characterizing the incorporated administration methodology to address the disturbing issue of obesity that has been faced with children and adolescents world over quite in created countries, and is likewise extending in India among financially sound families. The rate of obesity has fundamentally expanded in the created countries, for example, in USA and Australia throughout 1985 to 1995 with predominance of overweight multiplying and obesity trebling. In the late years, India is additionally experiencing this disturbing issue, creating at speedier rate among monetarily sound families bringing on wellbeing issues to their children, requiring prompt thoughtfulness regarding defeat this risky issue defied to their youngster. Logically Body Mass Index (BMI), by and large alluded to standard scale for age and sex, utilized for viable estimation and checking overweight and obesity in children and adolescents as restorative exploration depicted it as one of the main driver of genuine wellbeing issues in grown-up life that may bring about Type-2 diabetes, hypertension dyslipidemia and steatohepatitis coronary illness, which keeps the life at aggregate danger. World Health Organization has additionally termed it as one of the real concerns of the general public, however glaringly noticeable, yet not tended to sufficiently world over and has turned into a most dismissed open wellbeing issue.

This paper seeks to examine the response of agricultural productivity to irrigation and its impact on growth of agricultural productivity in the Solapur district with special references of sample selected villages of case study. In spite of the technological developments in providing improved crop varieties and better management practices in Solapur district, agriculture has been considered a gamble as the agricultural productivity is strongly influenced by the vagaries of the monsoon. The drought prone area in the district on annual rainfall occurs once in five years (Barakade A.J and Sule B.M.). Therefore, irrigation is an important for the agricultural productivity in Solapur district. Use of fertilizers, HVY seeds, use of technology, mechanization is closely based on the availability of irrigation and its impact of the agricultural productivity in a region. Comparing village to village differences of agricultural productivity, a profile of agricultural productivity is examined with a focus on impact of irrigation on agricultural productivity in study area. The availability of irrigation sources for the crop growing is isolating the effects of HVY seeds-fertilizer technology. It is found that the use of HYV seeds has significant effects on enhancement of agricultural productivity in the selected villages of study area. As a result, two really differentiated scenarios of the changes of agricultural productivity have been observed. The main objectives of the present research paper are to analyse the importance of agricultural productivity and examine the impact of irrigation agricultural productivity in study area. The Kendall’s ranking coefficient method is used for measurement of agricultural productivity to the collected information of sample villages in study area. It has been observed that the spatial pattern of irrigation and agricultural productivity widely unequal from village to village in the study area.

The present research paper has been made an attempt in to analyses an assessment impact of irrigation on cropping pattern in Solapur district with special reference of case studies in sample villages. This study is based on primary data collected from questionnaire and personal interview methods. The Physical, climatologically, socio-economic, technological, organizational factors, and farmer's attitude, etc. determinants closely influenced on the cropping pattern in study region, but in the study area irrigation is an important determinant affected on the cropping pattern. The collected data regarding area under different crops has been computed with the help of Weaver’s Minimum Positive Deviation Method of cropping pattern. It has observed that the more variations in the cropping pattern in village to village in study area. In the study area the village are found to two crop combination of Mundhewadi their identify and the number of crops in the basic combination as SW (SugarcanWheat) and the Ten crop combination obtained in the village of Jainwadi their identify the number of ten crop combination as SMPWGnFVGBaJ (Sugarcane- Maize- Pomegranate- WheatGroundnut- Fodder- Vegetables- Grape- Bajara- Jowar). Present study gives an idea of realsituation of cropping patternin village level and helps to minimize the village level inequalities and helpful for proper planning of the agricultural practices to the farmers. Also helps to planners, agricultural scientists and research scholars.

The present paper is an attempt to show the spatial pattern of agricultural development in the Solapur district of selected sample villages. In the sample selected villages of the study area is more variation in the adoption of improved agricultural practices to ascertain level of agricultural development, the spatial variation is determined with the help of twelve variables i.e. net sown area, area under more than once, cropping intensity, irrigation intensity, % of surface irrigation, area under HYV, consumption of fertilizers per hectare, area under food grain crops, area under non-food grain crops, number of agricultural implements per 100 hectares, average food yield, percentage of agricultural workers etc. Concern these variables information collected from the personal interview method to the selected farmers from the selected villages in study area. Besides this the development of villages are taken with their respective categories viz. high, medium and low on the basis of scores of standard deviation. These analysis have been carried out by transfer and combining the data relate to 12 variables using Z-score to get composite scores, On the basis of composite Score the villages have been classified into high, medium and low development categories. Out of 20 villages of study 9 villages are under the category of high level of agricultural development such as Mundhewadi, Chincholi Bhose, Mahud Bk, Wakhari, Gopalpur, Ozewadi, and Anawali, medium category include 5 villages they are Jainwadi, Bhandi Shegaon, Watambare, Katfal and Shivane and lastly the low development include 6 villages such as Sonanad, Kola, Chincholi, Javala, Medshingi and Snagewadi. As a result of the analysis shows that the modern technological inputs through agro service centres have reciprocal relationship with agricultural development in the study area.

Mangroves are highly dynamic ecological entities which supply energy to aquatic as well as terrestrial habitats through their production and decomposition of plant debris. Rhizophora mucronata belongs to family Rhizophoraceae. It is commonly known as the loop root mangrove, red mangrove and Asiatic mangrove. The natural habitat of Rhizophora mucronata is estuaries, tidal creeks and flat coastal areas subject to daily tidal flooding. Mangroves that need no introduction in today’s world with a variety of bioactive metabolites have been the interest of marine researchers all over the world. Apart from the resources those flourishes in the dense tangle of roots, mud and tidal water, mangroves are known for its medicinal wealth that have been successfully employed for treating a variety of diseases over hundreds of years. The specific medicinal properties of Rhizophora mucronata depend on the part employed and finds its use to treat human ailments like angina, dysentery, hematuria and many more. However in Pakistan forests are located in the Indus delta, lack of fresh water has resulted in their stunted growth. Avecennia marina isthe main species. Ceriops and Rhizophoras are the other tree species but are gradually disappearing due to increasing salinity and biotic pressures. In Red list of IUCN placed Rhizophora mucronata in least concern category but in Indus delta due number of reason Rhizophora mucronata facing extinction. In this review cover all aspect of Rhizophora mucronata.

In International biomedical research, India is becoming a key player, with its certain infra structures like technically competent workforce, patient availability, low costs and a friendly drug-control system etc. As far as the legal and ethical framework is concerned, though the launch of the Clinical Trials Registry marks a new chapter in the clinical trial registration process in India, there are so many issues ahead. Human rights of research subject and the term individual informed consent etc. are the major concern here. What are the protection available to those subjects and how far they are getting rehabilitation and who will ensure such protection etc. are important challenges in this area. The background is that, the first international document on the ethics of research, the Nuremberg Code, was promulgated in 1947 as a consequence of the trial of physicians who had conducted atrocious experiments on un consenting prisoners and detainees during the second world war. The Code, designed to protect the integrity of the research subject, sets out conditions for the ethical conduct of research involving human subjects, emphasizing the human subject's "voluntary consent" to research and trials. The UniversalDeclaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,1966 adopted by U.N. discussing that no one shall be subjected to torture and inhuman treatment or punishment. In particular, no one shall be subjected without his free consent to medical or scientific experimentation. " As a result of collaboration on research ethics between the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS), CIOMS published in 1982 Proposed International Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects. The purpose was to indicate how the fundamental ethical principles could be applied effectively, particularly in developing countries, taking into account culture, socioeconomic circumstances, national laws, and executive and administrative arrangements. So this paper discussing the balancing of social requirements with private interests of research subjects in the light of International ethical guidelines.

In the pre-independence and post-independence period, the Government of India laid emphasis on Universalisation of Elementary Education (UEE). But compulsory and free education legislation has not brought equality in enrolment and completion at primary as well as upper primary level. Because many students drop out before the completion of the elementary stage due to poor economic condition. The constitution of India (1950) laid down under the Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 45), that “the State shall endeavour to provide within a period of 10 years from the commencement of their Constitution for the free and compulsory education of all children until they complete the age of 14 years.” But in reality achieving universal elementary education has become a myth as drop out problem is causing the wastage of time, money and effort. The majority of students who enrolled in class-I leave school after some time without completing eight years of schooling and called as Drop outs. One of the important drawbacks of the school education system is the existence of a very large number of out of school children in the country because according to different official records 30% children dropout at an early stage without completing the first five years of schooling and 50% children drop out during the period of eight years of compulsory schooling. This paper is an attempt to exhibit the status of dropout in selected households in Krishnadaspur village (within Pathar Pratima block) of South Twenty Four Parganas District of West Bengal.

Memories of our past experiences occupy an important space in the overall make up of our tastes and temperaments as Individuals, societies and nations. Memories can be of particular events- political, social or cultural, witnessed by us individually or collectively. Memories can relate to prominent Individuals also, who hold some kind of influence on us individually or collectively, depending upon the actual experience of the nature of our interaction with such individuals. And, certainly our memories pertain to certain geographical locations too, stayed or visited by us in the past. The generation of the Indian people which witnessed the midnight celebrations of India’s independence from the British Empire on the intervening night of the 14/15th August 1947, for instance, have lived with the memories of this event, permanently etched at the back of their minds. The generation of Indian people which interacted directly with leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, for instance, each such interaction formed episodes in the overall memories of such people, which they could recollect and cherish for their lifetimes. Subsequent generations rely on ‘retold or relived’ experiences, yet nostalgically connect to those memories on each revisit. Similarly, one usually relishes nostalgically the place of his/her formative years, particularly more, if she / he shift out of that location. A visit to tourist places or abroad often remains in the form of well stocked cherished memories for one’s lifetime.

Current study is aimed at exploring the different barriers which hamper students’ ability to comprehend the spoken input. After examining those barriers, it is attempted to introduce the strategies which can help students communicate properly after perceiving the message. For given purpose, an ESL class was selected where a questionnaire was used as a tool in order to deduce the required information. It was concluded that new vocabulary items and incompatible environment are the major factors which create distraction for learners and this problem can be reduced by introducing new vocabulary items before stating the message and also by providing the students with suitable environment for learning.

The article presents an accurate scientific assessment of the physic-geographical, historical, socio-economical and cultural assessment of Skënderbegas commune, Albania. The main purpose of this paper is to present these components in different time stages, by noting new qualitative elements. For the composition of this article we are based on a long observation and research work, across the geographical area of this commune, as well in terms of natural, demographic, cultural and economical aspect. An important role has had the numerous surveys that have been conducted with the local residents, as well the use of an extensive literature related to the subject of study. At first, it is provided a general assessment of the geographical position, landscape, geological construction, climate, hydrography, soils and vegetation. Further, it is made an analysis of the population of all the villages of the commune in question, highlighting the different rhythms of the population from 1926 to 2013, and providing explanations for the decline in number of the residents in each village. To demonstrate this performance, a chart is compiled, and respective analysis is done. An important place occupies the evaluation of patriotic and intellectual figures of this commune, their contribution to independence and freedom. Further it is made an assessment of the economy and lifestyle of theseinhabitants, pointing out the problems that they have. At the end of the article are given the general conclusions and recommendations.

Tuberculosis (TB) continues a persistent challenge to health and development worldwide. A total of 100 sputum samples were collected from Hayatabad Medical Complex, Hospital Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, from patients suspected for pulmonary TB and were studied under microscope at Department of Microbiology Kohat University of Science and Information Technology. Of the total samples collected, 35(35%) were positive for TB. Male (50%) were more infected than female (30%). High occurrence (87.50%) was recorded in 40 years of age, in 10-20 age group the percentage is80% the lowest percentage was recorded in age group of 21-40 years (35.29%) and the lowest was (71.42%). It is concluded that pulmonary TB is still prevalent in district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.

The topic of this study is to focus on three novels written by Klaus Mann (1906 – 1949) and analyze them in terms of relationships between characters and the social life depicted in these novels. Klaus Mann, oldest son of well-known writer Thomas Mann, was born into a family which was surrounded by prominent writers, notable intellectuals and artists of his time. Having witnessed the inter-war period (interbellum) in Europe, Klaus Mann gained a great sight into the social changes and defects in moral values of the time. Although he showed a scant interest in transformation of community at first, this has tended to change drastically with the threatening rise of fascism and so the Nazis at the end. Although being prolific in other areas of writing, his notable literary successes are his novels, which vividly demonstrate the interaction between characters and changing lives of them in a world that seems to bring about sorrow and grief to people. Thorough his novels, it is possible to learn about socio-economic and socio-cultural background of Europe, especially about Germany’s changing face. Therefore, we will try to discuss and study three novels of him including Treffpunkt im Unendlichen (Rendezvous in Eternity), Flucht in den Norden (Journey into Freedom) and Der Vulkan (Volcano), all of which present an explanatory perspective to the reader about his novel writing and the themes preferred to use in his novels.

Human Rights are important for every human being. Human Rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent. Concept of human rights acknowledges that every single human being is entitled to enjoy his or her human rights without any discrimination. Human Rights are essential for creating the environment of justice and equity in any country. There are many human rights under international agreement. But here I have taken right to education. Education is the means as well as ends of development I any country. If we are educated, the opportunity to survive increases. This paper will discuss about concept of human rights, human rights education and right to education as well

Houses are the most imperative slice in the pie of once life. It is well recognized that good quality structured houses are important for the health and wellbeing of those who living in them. The relationship between housing and health is multi-faceted. Houses are one of the traditional areas of concern for public health, though it has been neglected over recent decades. The recent study explores changing of modern construction pattern its causes and impacts on human life as well as health. There are some triggers behind the changing geographical pattern of houses like globalization, industrialization, magazine culture, cultural industry, migration and urban crowd setting. This leads to effect human psychological, physiological and social health. The present study has been conducted in “Bara Kahu” located around 10 kilometers of Islamabad Pakistan where there are a lot of congested and substandard houses. The data presented in this paper has been collected by using mix approach that is called eclectic while using random sampling technique.

For the first time in this work were systematic investigated the basic skill characteristics of different wares of these handicraft branches and its significance in research of artistic craftsmanship traditions of Eurasia. This scientific article deals with the historicethnographical importance of development of the main traditional branches of craftsmanship of Ganja. In Ganja internal conditions of craft department reflected a sort of employment of his owner. In these departments worked the master and his pupils. In a life of the population of Ganja the role of craft products was great. These products were widely used inhabitants of Ganja they decorated conditions of living rooms, with them filled up a dowry of brides. The dresses created in local departments, suits and caps were an integral part of an attire of town-dwellers. In comparison with villages though the national clothes in XX century began to supersede them gradually. It also has been bundled to accruing arrival to Ganja representatives of other nationalities. Therefore changes in clothes were more marked. Only female ornaments as an attire constituent part left the national feature. At this time there were fashionable ornaments on a breast, hands, set pins and on clothes. The increase in quantity of handicraftsmen in a city directly has been bundled to population growth.

National Testing Service conducts a test named Graduate Assessment Test which is certified by Higher Education Commission for the students who wish to apply for M.S/M.Phil programs. Students are required to score at least 50% marks in order to pass the test. Records and observations have shown massive failure in the test. The purpose of this paper was to enlighten test anxiety among Pakistani University students. The research aimed at finding out the true reasons behind such a large number of failures. Questionnaire was filled by 30 students each from six of the social science departments. Researcher delimited her study to 4 of educational institutes from Faisalabad including Government College University Faisalabad, National University of Modern Languages, Riphah International University and Government Post Graduate College. Results have shown that there are high levels of anxiety among student towards attempting this test. Participants of research have also objected on the pattern of the test considering it an unjustified and illogical one. Students perceived GAT as a blockage between them and higher studies. The research provides reasons of large scale failure in the test and also describes some possible solutions to help overcome this problem.

This study deals with “An Assessment on the Level of Critical Thinking Skills of BSIT Students at CEU-Malolos in Relation to their Computer Programming and Mathematics Academic Performance” the problem solving, analytical skills and algorithmic-logic formulation skills of the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) students in their four computer programming subjects: Computer Programming I, Computer Programming II, Computer Programming III, and Computer Programming IV, and Mathematics subjects in their curriculum: Algebra, Statistics, Calculus, Plane & Spherical Trigonometry, Discrete Mathematics, and Statistics & Probability Theory. In determining the relation of their performance in Critical Thinking Skills the instrumentation is the CEU-Lopez Critical Thinking Test (Lopez, 2012) that is multi-aspect general knowledge critical thinking test designed for tertiary students in the Philippines and in Asian Context. A student with a well-developed sense of critical thinking is much more likely to enjoy and experience the benefits of studying programming, mathematics and other computing sciences courses. This study is conducted to tell whether the critical thinking of a student affects his computer programming and mathematics performance and to determine the relevance of first research conducted by the author entitled “The Relationship of Critical Thinking Skills and Problem Solving, Algorithmic-Logic Formulation Skills of Freshman Students of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology at Centro Escolar University-Malolos, S.Y. 2012-2013”

This study establishes the local norms of The CEU-Lopez Critical Thinking Test. A total of 2,800 students from the three campuses (Malolos, Mendiola, Makati) of Centro Escolar University (CEU) were chosen randomly as samples used to establish the local norms of the said test. Three types of local norms were constructed: university, year level, and program types (science and non-science). Percentile ranks along with Z-scores were computed from which the norms are most commonly computed. T-test of independent means and ANOVA were employed to determine if there is significant difference in the means of program type, high school type, gender, year levels, campus location, and socio-economic statuses (SES) as some factors to consider in constructing local norms. It is found that only program types and year levels have significant difference in their means. Hence, separate local norms were established for these two factors along with university norms. Six verbal interpretations were used for score interpretation, such as: unreflective thinker, challenged thinker, beginning thinker, practicing thinker, advanced thinker, and master thinker. These were based on the stages of critical thinking development formulated by Paul and Elder.

Traditionally, women in India were members of stratified society characterized by the ideology and practice of inequality. There is no society in this universe where inequality is not existed and India is not an exception. It is perceived and also revealed by the research studies that women are oppressed and suppressed by the male members in the society. To some extent it is true but there is a need to explore what are the agents of this inequality. Inequality persists across all the religious communities in terms of gender, caste and class. This paper mainly concern with the varied dimension of inequality among women as a Muslim. It is said that minority identities are fixed; Muslims women are often forced to enter social and political spaces with the religious notion. Such restraints make it hard to create a place of progressive change for themselves as well as for the community. Currently this paper attempts to explore the employment situation of Muslim women and existing gender inequality. It is found that work participation rate of Muslim women is low across all religions and as compare to male members within the community. Why there is inequality in terms of Muslim women’s employment? What are the socio-economic and religious factors hinders them to participate in the economic activities of the country? To support the above discussed Muslim women’s employment inequality, it has been analysed female work participation rate and educational status in 35 states including Union territories of India. This paper is based on the data of census ofndia 2001. Finally, I shall conclude with my own observations and suggestions.

Postcolonial studies is a wide discipline with many theories and elements. In this paper, I investigated some key elements of the postcolonailism and applied them on first three chapters of three novels, No Longer at Ease, A Passage to India, The Heart of Darkness. The elements of post colonialism were to be digged out from the texts mentioned above and then comparisons were made among the texts. The attempt was to read postcolonial literature in order to anaylze the elements woven into the texture of the literature. All the texts were read contrapuntally and then the elements were sorted out for the analysis. The way the writers of the postcolonial literature fabricated the themes of postcolonialism in their respective texts, has been the basis of this paper and their distinct treatment towards the postcoloniality. The treatment of the elements in post colonialism in their texts was quite different from one another because the effects of colonialism vary in intensity and nature in different colonies. No doubt, some of the elements of post colonialism are similar in these texts with a different treatment of the writer. Elements of postcolonialism for the analysis would be ambivalence, alterity or otherness.

Mushrooms have been recommended as an alternative nonconventional food with significant nutrient content to fight against malnutrition contributing to food security. Like any other tribes, the Khasi society of Meghalaya, Northeast India, is also very close to nature and have ample knowledge on utilization of different kinds of forest products. The society being mycophilic, have traditional mycological knowledge acquired from ages. The paper highlights the documentation of this traditional knowledge on identification of various edible wild mushrooms and then scientific identification of the most common species consumed by the Khasis from time immemorial. The mushroom samples were collected from forest, meadows, decaying woods, rotting plants during the monsoon season and identified. Many cases of mushroom poisoning have been reported in many parts of the country which is due to lack of knowledge on identifying the edible ones. However, this case is very rare in Meghalaya reflecting the ability of the Khasis in precise identification of the ones that are edible. Thus,it is necessary to document such knowledge pertained by the Khasis in this matter so that further mushroom poisoning can be avoided.

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts dictate skeletal mass, structure, and strength via their respective roles in resorbing and forming bone. Bone remodeling is a spatially coordinated lifelong process whereby old bone is removed by osteoclasts and replaced by bone-forming osteoblasts. The refilling of resorption cavities is incomplete in many pathological states, which leads to a net loss of bone mass with each remodeling cycle (Hasan W et al, 2014). Postmenopausal osteoporosis and other conditions are associated with an increased rate of bone remodeling, which leads to accelerated bone loss and increased risk of fracture. Osteosynthesis of the bone matrix is achieved by osteoblasts and coordinated within this complex machinery of bone remodelingwith resorption of extracellular bone matrix performed by osteoclasts. Bone resorption is dependent on a cytokine known as RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand), a TNF family member that is essential for osteoclast formation, activity, and survival in normal and pathological states of bone remodeling. (Kohli SS and Kohli VS, 2011; Kearns AE et al., 2008).The catabolic effects of RANKL are prevented by osteoprotegerin (OPG), a TNF receptor family member that binds RANKL and thereby prevents activation of its single cognate receptor called RANK. Osteoclast activity is likely to depend, at least in part, on the relative balance of RANKL and OPG. This review highlights the complex interplay of the RANKL–RANK/OPG axis and their management in bone health.

Tuberculosis in Pakistan is in the list of most fatal diseases equally present in urban and rural populations of the country. Globally particularly in Pakistan, WHO is showing its keen interest to eradicate TB from its roots but this requires a serious contributions by the Pakistani Government and private partners to the successful implementation of WHO projects for the removal of deadliest disease. In this study research were focused to explore the level of information among men and women of UC-49 Tehsil Malikwal of District Mandi Bahauddin regarding TB. With the help of structure questionnaire data on set objective were collected from field after taking verbal consent of the participants. Results explain that both men and women were well aware about TB, its signs & symptoms, prevention and treatment. Still there is a need to involve the women along with men of urban communities as well as rural in TB control interventions and consider both gender in policy making and successful implementation of TB control projects in Pakistan.

This paper is intended to discuss the syntactic and semantic feature of the phrasal verbs in Arabic and English. A phrasal verbs can be defined as a verb and a preposition coming together resulting new possibilities of idiomatic meaning throws up interesting problems at the level of the interaction of morphology and syntax and it behaves as a syntactic and semantic unit . The phrasal verb consists of a verb, usually a monosyllabic verb of action or movement such as ‘go’, “put” in English and ataa “come” in Arabic plus one more particle . The particle may be an adverb, a preposition, or a word that can act as either adverb or preposition often the meaning of these combination is idiomatic and cannot be determined by knowing their individual parts .Because of this, phrasal verbs are often difficult to master for students of Arabic and English as a second language. This thesis concerned with phrasal verbs in English and Arabic and the study consist of four chapters. Chapter one introduces the topic, problems, the main objectives and justification. It also tackles the method and methodology and value. Chapter two deals with the syntactic and semantic features of English phrasal verbs in the review of literature. Chapter three studies the syntactic structure of Arabic phrasal verbs. It starts with the introduction to Arabic syntactic structure, then components of phrasal verbs, finally the frame and the structure of Arabic phrasal verbs. Chapter three explains the materials and the method and also the methodology of the study. Chapter three indicates the comparison between Arabic and English multi-word items, it contains the conclusion and recommendation.

Oxo and dioxovanadium (IV & V) complexes with Schiff base ligands are interesting because of their nature and biological activities. One of the oxovanadium (IV) known as VO2+tctsc (Oxovanadiumthiophene-2-carboxaldehydethiosemicarbazone) with a Schiff base named as thiophene-2-carboxaldehydethiosemicarbazone formed by the reaction of thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide is reported herein. The complex is synthesised by the reaction of vanadyl sulphate with the Schiff base in 1:2 molar ratios in acetic acid solution. The complex is insoluble in most of the organic solvents like acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, and THF, but soluble in DMSO and DMF. The complex compound has been characterized by elemental, conductometric, pH metric, IR, UV-Vis, FAB-Mass analyses. Single crystal XRD analysis and metal ions extraction is on progress.

ization either private or public. For the public service in particular, the need to be more innovative in decision-making and service delivery. Employees in the organizations may leave due to transfers, retirements and death. When someone leaves, their knowledge, skills, competencies, understanding, and experience leaves too. At this point of view Knowledge management (KM) can save losing critical knowledge and provides an opportunity to mitigate the effects of such loses. If there is sufficient process to track lessons learned and best practices followed by employees, then it will allow sharing best practices. There are same for other public sectors such as Provincial offices and other District Secretariats to maintain effective Knowledge Management, then there should be a competitive advantage and business value. Therefore they can provide better service to the public. KM focuses on organizing and makes available important knowledge, wherever and whenever it is needed. The aim of this study is to raise awareness of knowledge management, support governmental organization in achieving their objectives and to prepare suitable knowledge management framework. Data were gathered through questionnaires and distributed to knowledge workers at Batticaloa District Secretariat. Based on the information gathered, a framework has been developed targeting Batticaloa District Secretariat.

Present study was carried out on Broiler Production Unit of Sunderson School of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (SHIATS), 75 day old broiler chicks were divided randomly in to 5 groups of 15 chicks in each treatment. Chicks of each treatment were further divided into 3 sub groups of 5 chicks. Chicks of each sub group were housed comfortably in one chamber by providing 1 sq ft area per bird. Were conducted to evaluate the effect of ginger root powder as natural feed additives on growth performance,(body weight ,gain in weight ), feed consumption & feed conversion ratio . Four dietary treatments were T1, T2,T3, and T4 formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of broiler chicks containing ginger root powder @ 0.75, 1.25, 1.75 and 2.25 g /1 kg feed respectively .Chicks were offered ration and water ad lib. Birds were managed under similar managemental conditions. Data on weekly body weight, gain in weight, and feed efficiency of broilers up to five weeks of age, the data were collected and analyzed statistically to determine influence of treatments on performance of broiler. It was revealed that diets supplemented with ginger root powder had significant (P<0.05) effect on the body weights, gain in weight of broilers. There were non-significant differences (P>0.05) in feed conversion ratio among all dietary treatments for birds .Result showed that non-significant decreased (P>0.05) were observed in feed intake .Best body weight ,gain in weight of broilers was observed in diet supplemented with 0.75 g, followed by 1.75 g, 1.25 g ginger powder and diet as per NRC standard (control).treatments 0.75, 1.75 were economically better than control. Supplementation 0.75 g in ration was most economical followed by inclusion of 1.75 g ginger powder in ration. Compared to with control and other treatments proved better.

The purpose of this study is twofold: 1. to examine the relationship between service quality dimensions and customer satisfaction 2.to investigate the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty. Measuring service quality and satisfaction involves asking customers for subjective attitudinal evaluations of service quality dimensions and their items. In this paper we outline an overall approach for tracking service delivery and relationship quality that differs substantially from the conventional paradigm. The current paper studies the influence of various factors on customer loyalty. The main hypothesis of the study insists that the consumer satisfaction affecting loyalty is dependent on the service quality dimensions such as service delivery process and emotional intelligence of employees. Regression analysis was used for testing the hypotheses on the sample of survey data about 300 consumers of the insurance industry in India. The results reveal that factors of service delivery are playing major rolein consumer satisfaction. And consumer satisfaction is the most important stage that will ultimately leads to consumer loyalty.

As insurance services are intangible, inseparable, variable, non-standardised products; these characteristics make it difficult for the insurance service provider to persuade coustomers. In view of this, insurance service products often need to be tangibilised through the physical evidence that accompanies the service. Physical evidence includes aspects such as the service provider’s facilities, staff appearance, ambience, atmospherics etc. In addition, promotional materials and branding strategies are all elements of physical evidence that serve to tangibilise a service offering to a customer. These physical evidence cues help a potential customer to evaluate service quality.physical evidence create first impression necessary for attracting and persuading prospects to become consumers, but it should be in confirmation to the assumptions of consumers. According to PZB (1988) ‘physical evidence can be seen as the functional form that acts as the interface between service provider and consumers.’ This research study focuses on identifying the independent variables of physical evidence and their role in service quality as well as in satisfying consumers of insurance services. This study also endeavours to explain the positive & significant relationship between the physical evidence and consumers’ overall satisfaction. As the study is comparative in nature, it measures the discrepancy gap between consumers’ perception about the factors of physical evidence of LIC and Bajaj- Allianz respectively.

Leadership of the principal and the ways through which the head carries out the role has an influence on the way a colleges function. Leadership is to induce or persuade all subordinates or followers to contribute with cheerful readiness to organizational goals. Effective leadership creates inspiring and stimulating climate so that the teacher educators can enjoy a high level of morale. Colleges of Education have power, structure, logic and values which combine to exert strong influence on the way in which individual perceive the world, interpret it and respond to it. So the researcher studied Organizational leadership of Colleges of Education of Maharashtra state. Data was collected from 711 teacher educators and 49 principals. Organizational leadership scale and organizational leadership interview schedule was prepared by the researcher. Further the benchmarks for effective leadership were developed.

The present research work intent to study the major implication and impact of socio-economic status on life style of pupil teachers (B.Ed.) trainee on the basis of gender with special reference to future prospects. Hence the researchers aim at to find out the impact of socio-economic status (SES) on the life style of pupil teachers according to gender and the major implication and impact. Researchers selecting 1000 samples out of total population on the basis random sampling techniques with the help of standardized tools collected data and on the basis of normative survey method analysis and interpretation with required statistical technique like Mean, Standard Deviation, Critical Ratio, Degree of Freedom, Coefficient of Correlation, and ANOVA tested the hypotheses find out the purposive findings to focus on proper suggestive suggestion towards conclusion.

This paper will analyze the status of companies in the Republic of Kosovo under the applicable legislation with an analysis of the legal - legislative practice of other countries which apply different rules and their effect on the development of entrepreneurship in the country. Companies are legal organizations of persons and capital, which conduct business - trade activity based on positive laws in place. Their goal is to create a reputation in the market and maximize property benefit. Business activity in the conditions of market economy, are developed by private commercial companies, whether legal personality, or even without it as well as public enterprises. For this reason also emphasized the need for legal regulation of them. Legislation in market economy serves to create a legal framework that enables the development of business activity and providing capital. To analyze this issue will use empirical data collected from the field in the form surveys which was conducted at the business sector of the Republic of Kosovo. Then will use the method of analysis and synthesis, comparative method, normative and legal method (dogmatic). Economic development depends on the development of the private sector. This sector is the engine for economic development,development of entrepreneurship and sustainable economic development. Accurate determination of the legal personality of companies creates legal certainty of capital investments; enable the creation of new businesses, businesses and productive forces development affect the economy in general.

Gloriosa superba is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae. It is an endangered, herbaceous, perennial plant it is also known as climbing lily, flame lily, creeping lily, glory lily, tiger claw, and fire lily. This plant contains high levels of colchicine, a toxic alkaloid. The rhizome was found with a blue mould growth at the time of post harvest storage and during planting time on the surface of rhizomes, in Sikkim, India (2013). The microscopic examination revealed that the fungus was Penicillium. The pathogenicity test also confirmed that the blue mould rot disease of rhizome was caused by Penicillium. This is the first record of Penicillium sp. on the rhizome rot of G. superb.

The aim of this study was to investigate role of parenting styles and religious adherence on the identity of high school students in Esfahan City. Methods: This study was descriptive-correlation. For this purpose, 500 high school students (250 boys and 250 girls) were selected by cluster random sampling. Research instruments were subscales of family functioning scale about parenting styles and religious adherence and assessment questionnaire of identity status for Adams and Benyon (EOM-EIS-2). Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Results: The results showed that the authoritarian parenting style suspension identity in boys and girls, religious adherence suspension in girls’ identity, religious adherence foreclosure democratic parenting style, permissive parenting style and religious adherence identity religious adherence identity crisis in boys and girls and the boys realized that there is a significant relationship. Conclusion: The results suggest that in addition to parenting styles and religious adherence, other factors may also shape - the effective identity of the peer, mental health training received socioeconomic status, personality and mutual influence of parent teenager on each other.

The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V member 1 also known as TRPV! Is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TRPV1 gene TRPV 1 receptors are found in the central nervous systems and the peripheral nervous systems and are involved in the transmission and modulation of pain, as well as the integration of diverse painful stimuli. The role of TRPV1 in the regulation of body temperature has emerged in last few years. Current study was to evaluate the ability of Argus Lab 4.0, a relatively new molecular modeling package in which molecular docking is implemented, to reproduce crystallographic binding orientations and to compare its accuracy with that of a well established commercial package, GOLD. The study also aimed to evaluate the effect of the nature of the binding site and ligand properties on docking accuracy. The three dimensional structure of a carefully chosen set of 75 pharmaceutically relevant protein-ligand complexes were used for the comparative study. The study revealed that the commercial package outperforms the freely available docking engine in almost all the parameters tested. However, the study also revealed that although lagging behind in accuracy, results from Argus Lab are biologically meaningful.

The main objective of study was to evaluate the physiological characters which can be a significant tool in the selection or discarding the advanced genotypes of any crop. Field experiment was conducted at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) during 2012 using RCBD with three replications in order to cram the impact of physiological variation in coarse as well as fine candidate advance lines of rice in National Uniform Yield Trail (NUYT). 27 rice candidate advanced lines including four commercial cultivars i.e (2 for coarse varieties and 2 for fine varieties) and the germplasm (research material) of 23 advanced lines were selected and obtained from different sources (research centers) of Pakistan. Chlorophyll contents had significant effect on biological and paddy yield of all coarse and fine NUYT advance rice lines as well as in commercial cultivars. Coarse KS-133 showed maximum chlorophyll contents (relative value was 48.45) with biological and paddy yield (12567; 6420 kg/hac) and harvest index (HI 51%) and Fine advanced line R-456(relative value was 50.14) and had biological and paddy yield (5866; 2466kg/hac) with (HI 41.86%). The highest biological and paddy yield was monitored in advance coarse line NARC-10-6 (1330kg/hac and 7246kg/hac) having harvest index (HI 54%) while in case of fine advance lines maximum biological and paddy yield (6213kg/hac and 2370kg/hac) containing harvest index (HI 38%) was noted in NIAB- 201001 form all 27 NUYT candidate cultivars/advance lines. Physiological parameters mainly photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, rate and sub stomatal CO2 concentration shown non-significant trend in all coarse and fine NUYT candidate advance lines as well as commercial varieties. Significant variations were monitored between coarse as well as fine advance lines with respect to biological and paddy yield.

Managers have realized that brand personality is one of the most valuable tool that the company use to keep its identity, positioning and maintain its competitive advantage. This paper seeks to examine how perceptions of brand personality traits can be influenced by persuasive advertising elaboration in the case of three routes of persuasion (central, transitional and peripheral). It appears that few studies have empirically investigated this topic. In the basis of a literature review, we proposed a conceptual model which includes persuasive advertising as an antecedents of brand personality as well as two moderating variables (brand familiarity and product involvement). Results of An empirical study conducted among 1200 persons confirm that persuasive advertising elaboration plays a key role on the attribution of brand personality traits and the moderating role of brand familiarity and product involvement.

When taking place an analysis about the cities, in a general, it is noticed that in each a particularities that contemplate in your urban space the actions happen accomplished by the man, in the environmental degradation. Aiming to characterize the quality of life of the population in Manaus a case study was accomplished in four neighborhoods different from the city. It was verified that the oldest neighborhoods (Centro [downtown] and Parque 10 [park ten]) enjoy a better life quality. Already the outlying neighborhoods (Novo Aleixo and Grande Vitória) don’t enjoy the same life quality, because the population of the same ones doesn't possess access nor to the basic services as sanitation, distribution of water and energy; besides the accentuated environmental degradation. It is considered, the need to rethink which would be really the true priorities of the public power in turning the maintainable city and consequently with life quality of distributed in an equal way.

The development of molecular techniques in the past few decades has led to increase the vast knowledge of plant genomics research. DNA based Molecular markers, like RAPD, RFLP, ISSR, Microsatellite, EST-SSR and SNPs are useful for plant genome analysis, have now become an important tool in crop breeding. Several major traits targeted for improvement in cereals, legumes and horticultural plants breeding programs are disease resistance, abiotic stress resistant, fruit quality and quantity, secondary metabolites etc. In this review we attempt to include most of the available traditional and Insilco based DNA markers that were successfully employed in various proposes of plant genome analysis such as germplasm characterization, genetic diversity, transferability, genome mapping, QTL analysis, marker assisted breeding, genome wide analysis and population genetics.

The study investigated the effect of strategic content learning on mathematics achievement of students with learning disability. It employed a quasi experimental non-equivalent control group, pretestposttest research design. The population was all 864 senior secondary II students in the 14 public secondary schools and a sample of all 47 (males-23, females-24) senior secondary II students drawn from intact classes in four randomly sampled coeducation secondary schools in Uzo-uwani local government area of Nsukka education zone, Enugu State, Nigeria. Two instructional programmes were developed and used for the study; they are mathematics/strategic content learning instructional plan (MSCLIP) and Mathematics conventional teaching lesson plan (MCTLP). Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The findings revealed that intervention with strategic content learning significantly improved mathematics achievement of students with mathematics learning disability and that gender as a factor does not have a significant influence on the mathematics achievement of students with mathematics learning disability taught using strategic content learning.

The sloe is the kind of plant from Rosaceae family, genus plum. It is a short bush, as well as a tree with the height of 34 meters. Branches are tough spiny, leaves are ellipse-shaped or inversely ovoid. It has small white flowers. The fruit is single-seed, round, small, waxcoated and black-and blue. It grows late.

There is extensive research linking healthy social and emotional development to effective parenting. Adolescents thrive when parents provide not only affection, but also respectful communication and listening, consistent rules and expectations, and safe opportunities that promote independence. Successful parenting fosters psychological adjustment, helps adolescents succeed in school, encourages curiosity about the world, and motivates children to achieve.

NILOOFAR ESMAEILI

The Goodwill is the highest goods, but not the only one as well. Thus, it is worth saying that there are other goods considered conditional, i.e. those who are different from the absolute good which is unconditional. Goodwill, as absolute good is teleological, i.e. shows a last end. According to the philosopher, the absolute value of goodwill is attributing of pure reason, because this should produce in us the goodwill. In this way, we realize that in Kant’s thought the Goodwill hasn’t dependence on an external factor; it’s a good in itself. It may not be great for some and small for others. It’s unconditional and must be regulated in man by reason. The Categorical Imperative is one of the central ideas for the adequate understanding of morality and ethics. In this proposal Kant summed up his thoughts on the issues of morality. Kant emphasized this idea about moral law. For the German philosopher, categorical imperative is the duty of every person to act according to the principles that it wants that all human beings will follow, that it wants to be a law of human nature. In conclusion, it’s argued that the concepts of good will and duty are indispensable to construct the intent of a Kant’s reason of morality, thus enabling the transformation of goodwill in a categorical imperative.

Multicomponent protocol for the condensation of malononitrile, 2-naphthol, aldehydesand ammonium acetate in presence of cellulose sulphuric acid using a mortarand pestle at room temperature afforded a wide range of valuable dihydroquinolines in high yields with short reaction times. This approach offers vital improvements for the synthesis of target compounds with regard to yield of products, simplicity in operation, green aspects by avoiding the solvents.

As Agha Shahid Ali tells us, the ghazal is an Urdu poetic form consisting of ‘autonomous or semi-autonomous couplets that are united by a strict scheme of rhyme, refrain and line length’. The KashmiriAs Agha Shahid Ali tells us, the ghazal is an Urdu poetic form consisting of ‘autonomous or semi-autonomous couplets that are united by a strict scheme of rhyme, refrain and line length’. The Kashmiri

The aim of this paper is to investigate the Beliefs about Language Learning of non-English majors. The participants responded in this survey were Bosnian non-English major students who were studying in a high school which use English as the language of instruction. The questionnaire that we used in our research was the Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) which was designed and developed by Elaine Horwitz, the University of Texas at Austin. We investigated a sample of 431 junior high school EFL learners’ language learning beliefs in terms of EFL context. This study also examined the influence of learning variables such as aptitude, attitudes, motivation, and personality on learner beliefs and strategies. Data were collected by using questionnaire. The findings helped teachers to have some pedagogical implications to increase students’ level of motivation in an English language classroom. For example teachers can set goals for students in learning English, provide required materials regarding language learning, and inspire students to learn. These findings may also help students to improve their level of English and encourage them to study harder. Horwitz (1988) suggeststhat better understanding of students' beliefs of language learning may allow language teachers to better understand students' expectations and satisfactions with their language class. Once students are able to face their beliefs, they may understand their weakness and try to solve the problem.

Sex work in India has been done from historical times. Children of sex workers face discrimination and challenges in accessing their basic rights. These children are standing on the lowest strata of the social ladder and their problems are grossly ignored. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 April 2012 to 15 August 2012 in Budhwar Peth, a well known red light area of Pune city. A well designed Questionnaire was employed to get the desirable information from the sampled individuals of children and women. Also, 292 children of sex workers enrolled in the institute of Janiv have also been taken into account. Findings suggested that the condition of the children of CSW is terrible as 60% of their parents are illiterate, 40% of their children have died from various types of diseases whereas 20% have died due to malnutrition. They were not found with significant permanent diseases but unfortunately majority of them do not consult doctors at all which is why 20 percent of their children have died with malnutrition. About 65% of their children are in the age group of 0-10. The overall social, health and education situation of the CSW and their children need immediate attention.

Pot experiments conducted for the evaluation of efficacy of biocontrol agent viz., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzanium and Trichoderma viride against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in Chilli revealed that soil application of P. fluorescens, Trichoderma harzanium and T. viride alone or in combination was able to control the nematode population and improve the yield. Combined soil application of P. fluorescens (@ 4 g/pot) + T. harzanium (@ 4 g/plant) and P. fluorescens (@ 4 g/plant) + T. viride (@ 4 g/pot) as soil application was effective to check the root knot nematode in chilli.

Sex work in India has been done from historical times. Children of sex workers face discrimination and challenges in accessing their basic rights. These children are standing on the lowest strata of the social ladder and their problems are grossly ignored. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 April 2012 to 15 August 2012 in Budhwar Peth, a well known red light area of Pune city. A well designed Questionnaire was employed to get the desirable information from the sampled individuals of children and women. Also, 292 children of sex workers enrolled in the institute of Janiv have also been taken into account. Findings suggested that the condition of the children of CSW is terrible as 60% of their parents are illiterate, 40% of their children have died from various types of diseases whereas 20% have died due to malnutrition. They were not found with significant permanent diseases but unfortunately majority of them do not consult doctors at all which is why 20 percent of their children have died with malnutrition. About 65% of their children are in the age group of 0-10. The overall social, health and education situation of the CSW and their children need immediate attention.

Present research is intended to find the relationship and dependency of motivation and team performance on each other. For analyzing the data in primary data collection technique questionnaire was used. Questionnaire’s included ten items, was distributed among hundred people. Study result reveals that team performance is positively influenced over motivation. Team performance is positively influenced by the motivational events available to each individual in a team or in a group. If the motivational events are enhanced then team abilities get affected, when positively performed.

Rural India primarily depends upon informal sources of credit, mostly the moneylenders, for its financial needs. Rural India has witnessed a rise in the predominance of moneylenders over last three decades and especially post 1991 economic reforms. Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India have launched forceful initiatives for ‘financial inclusion’ in the country. In this scenario, the increasing dependence of rural areas on the informal moneylenders is perceived as the biggest obstacle in achieving the objective of financial inclusion. But, on the same time, it is worth to note that banking services’ presence in rural areas has been continuously declining. Thus, rural India’s dependence on moneylenders is not by choice, but due to compulsion arising out of lack of alternatives. The rural moneylenders continue to survive and thrive despite all state-led efforts to find a formal substitute for them. This paper goes on to suggest that, if financial inclusion in rural India has to be achieved in real sense, it would be imperative to formalise the rural moneylenders as the formal loan providers.

The increasingly competition environment of professional sport has resulted in greater training load to enhance performance, but prolonged time unsystematic training lead to overtraining syndrome which define as physical and psychological syndrome. The present study was to find out the relationship of mental toughness with Psychological symptoms of Overtraining Syndrome. For this study the targeted subject was different cricket associations Of Uttar Pradesh are Allahabad cricket association(A.C.A), Kanpur cricket association.(K.C.A) and Lucknow cricket association(L.C.A).The subjects in this study were (N=120, 40 A.C.A, 40 K.C.A and 40 L.C.A ) male of age ranged from 19 to 23 years and were shortlisted through purposive sampling. To analyses, Overtraining Syndrome of the subjects following psychological symptoms (Mood disturbance, Athlete Burnout, Coping Ability, stress and depression) was selected. For assessment of mental toughness and selected psychological symptoms of Overtraining Syndrome of cricketers, descriptive statistics was used, relationship was drawn by used of Spearman Rho Correlations and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Findings demonstrated that higher levels of mental toughness were associated with lower levels of mood disturbance, athlete burnout, depression, and perceived stress and higher level of coping ability in Uttar Pradesh cricket association cricketers.

The experiment was carried out at vegetable Research Farm in Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology, Allahabad, during mid-November to 8- may the year 2012 – 2013. The experiment was laid out in R.B.D. with three replications and nine treatments with following combination of which was T1 (control),T2(Zn 1.25 g/L), T3 (Zn 2.0 g/L), T4 (B 1.25g/L),T5 (B 1.25g/L + Zn 1.25 g/L),T6 (B 1.25 g/L),T7 (B 2.0g/L),T8 (B 2.0g/L + Zn 1.25g/L) and T9 (B 2.0 g/L + Zn 2.0 g/L). The cultivar of tomato was "heem shona" Syngenta Company. The highest fruit weight (72.67 g) was recorded in T6 and the highest plant height (2.93) m, No. leaves per plant (39.33) leaves, No. clusters per plant (12.33), No. fruits per cluster (7.17), No. fruit per plant (88.33), yield per plant (6.33 kg), total yield (113.628 t /ha) shelf life (26.33 days) Total soluble solid (0Brix) (5.67) Vitamin C (32.57 mg / 100 g) and benefit: cost ratio (4.05 was obtained in T5 treatment under Allahabad agro climatic conditions

Descartes says “man is man thanks to language”. Language is the greatest given gift to the human beings for expressing their feelings, desires, notions, thoughts, directions, instructions, wishes, hopes, happiness, sadness, anger, pleasure, disgust, love, hate, commands, requests, information, opinions and so on. Language is one of the natural wonders of the world. All communication and contemplation take place only in language. Animals, birds, and even insects do communicate with the other members of their group but they use only a limited number of sounds and signals. As Aristotle puts it, ‘Animal noises cannot be combined to form syllables. Moreover animal communication is context bound but human languages are context free.’

Osteoporosis has been shown to be associated with elevated levels of TNF-α and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS is actively related to production of TNF-α, which in turn, leads to activation of bone markers, thereby resulting in accelerated osteoclast differentiation leading to osteoporosis. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), one of the most potent polyphenol, an active ingredient of green tea (Camellia sinensis), has earlier been reported to have potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties along with strong immunomodulatory activity. EGCG is found to suppress osteoclasts differentiation. EGCG is also found to exert immunomodulatory and antioxidative effects on monocytes of osteoporotic patients. Secreted TNF-α were found to be suppressed using varied doses of EGCG. EGCG, dose dependently found to enhance the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Therefore, EGCG has the potential to be used as an adjunct in the chemoprevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

The experiment "Effect of Different Organic and Inorganic Manure on Growth and Flowering of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis) cv. glory of India as intercropping with Damask Rose" was conducted at Ornamental Horticulture nursery Farm, Department of Horticulture, SHATS, Allahabad-211007(U.P.) during 2012-2013. One cultivar of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis) cv. glory of India was planted in four different planting media control, FYM, FYM +NPK, Poultry manure, Poultry manure + NPK and Vermicompost, Vermicompost + NPK in different combinations. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with split plot arrangement. Media mostly affected the parameters studied during the experiment. Maximum weight of the flower (92.67g).were produced with Poultry manure 30 th-1 + NPK. Whereas, minimum flower weight (51.33g) was produced with FYM 10 th-1, Vermicompost 10th-1. Maximum weight of the tubers (996.67) were produced by Poultry manure 30 th-1+NPK. Whereas, minimum weight of the tubers (225.48) was produced with FYM 10 th-1.

Pot experiments conducted for the evaluation of efficacy of biocontrol agent viz., Arthrobotrys oligospora and Bauveria bassiana against root knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in wheat revealed that soil application of Arthrobotrys oligospora and Bauveria bassiana alone or in combination was able to control the nematode population and improve the yield. Combined soil application of A. oligospora (@ 5ml/pot) + B. bassiana (@ 5ml/pot) as soil application was effective to check the root knot nematode in wheat.

South Asian Region remains exposed to the intensely fluid and changing global security environment. The weak state capacity prevailing in almost all countries of South Asia has made them vulnerable to the growing security threats. Lack of regional integration and the ongoing conflicts of interstate and intrastate nature have made the security scenario complex and unmanageable. Most seriously, many of the conflicts devised on the identity and ethnic politics are gradually taking the shape of terrorism, and the non-state actors including the sectional-political interest groups are fishing in this troubled water, keeping behind the region to suffer. It is due to the lack of political will, the much desired political mechanics to foster regional integration has so far not been completely possible.

In the process of administration, principal is the focal point. Principals’ beliefs and values, thoughts and actions, his personality and character determine the tone of the institution. Leadership in schools’ context has its basic purpose the improvement of the schools. The present study focuses how leadership behavior of principals can act as a predictor of school learning culture. The instructional behavior of principal can bring about strong improvement in instruction and learning. On the other hand, if the culture of the school is not functional, or is weak, new ideas for improvement will quickly wither away. The sample of the study were Principals and Students of 40 Navodaya Vidyalayas of U.P. Leadership Behaviour Scale of Dr. Asha Hinger and a Self-Constructed tool to measure School Learning Culture were used to collect the data. Linear Regression analysis was done to account the prediction of learning culture on the basis of leadership behavior. The findings of the study show that leadership behavior of the principals vary and it influences the school learning culture up to a great extent. The learning culture of a school can be predicted on the basis of leadership provided by the principals. An effective leadership can be assumed as a picture of learning culture prevailing in a school.

Deconstruction is associated with the writings of Jacques Derrida, especially his earlier publications from the 1960’s where he employs the term. As a Post- structuralist, Derrida’s rise to prominence was asserted by the publication of the three books in the following year (translated as Speech and Phenomena, Of Grammatology and Writing and Difference). It is significant to note that all of these books are on philosophical rather than literary topics, but Derrida’s method invariably brings to the fore the highly detailed ‘Deconstructive’ works and again after borrowing these Deconstructive method have been used by critics in the reading of literary text.

In general, sustainable development is a concept that promotes the protection of resources in the future. The issues of sustainable development have been discussed and promoted worldwide in various fields including tourism. The elements of sustainable development have been enforced to be considered in every development stage. Meanwhile, the World Tourism Organization (WTO) has promoted the application of sustainable indicator since the early 1990s as essential instruments for policy-making, planning and management processes at destinations. Despite growing number of revenue to local community and business operators, tourism brings other challenges towards the environmental protection. Each destination has limited resources that can be consumed by tourism activities. The increased numbers of tourists will have negative consequences in its natural resources in which pressure from tourism activities, would lead to damage on physical and ecological features. As a result, various actions have been taken by the respective authorities to solve the problem by identifying various tools to measure the sustainability such as; Impact Assessment, Environmental Auditing (EA), Carrying Capacity (CC), Sustainable Tourism Benchmarking Tool (STBT), Certification and Eco- Labeling, and others. Recognizing the importance of sustainable elements in tourism development, this paper aims to measure the sustainability of tourism development of Kashmir through Carrying Capacity (CC). The carrying capacity assessment and sustainability of tourism is an important component of the study as it will form the basis for resource allocation and future development.

This paper examines the factors that influence consumer buying behavior and also explore various consumer segments such as consumers switching Airtel to Vodafone services. Further, it also examine whether these service differs between males and females. A survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed. The valid questionnaires were 70, thus the response rate is 70 percent. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were employed to lead the conclusion. It also depicts that there is difference in mobile services spending amongst various age groups and also revealing there is no difference in choice of best factor among males and females. This research provides useful insight to companies formulating strategies for market segmentation on the basis of prospects avenues available to them. Previous studies indicate that this potential influence on consumer is pragmatic, but this paper extends previous studies by focusing on specific factors influencing buying behavior of consumers towards various cell phone service providers and more importantly, this is a significant step towards providing better services to their prospects.

Using James Joyce's The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man as a framework, the present paper aims at discussing the position of the artist and his role in two post-war British plays; namely, Osborne's The Entertainer, and Hare's Teeth 'n' Smile. Unlike Joyce's novel which deals with the creative evolution of Stephan Dedalus into an artist, the plays under study deal with the gradual disintegration of the main characters/artists that stand for the disintegration of society and culture at large. The paper is divided into two main sections and a conclusion. The plays will be dealt with chronologically in sections one and two while the main findings will be stated in the Conclusion.

Sediment in aquatic environment plays a very important role. The benthic organisms are most likely members to be affected by metals in sediments, because, the benthic environment is the main repository of particulate materials that wash into aquatic system. In sediment, heavy metal are elements (Properties of metals satisfied) of high atomic number they have high utilities in industrial application from papers to automobiles, by their heavy characteristic properties. They found in the deep bowels of the earth as ores (complexes of mixture). The metals are segregated from these ores, leaving behind the tailings that find their way into the environment as toxic pollutants. Higher content of sedimentation can affect aquatic insect by altering biochemical conditions, food resources, respiratory diffusion gradients and habitat space. Higher content of sedimentation can affect aquatic insect by altering biochemical conditions, food resources, respiratory diffusion gradients and habitat space. Hence the present study is aimed to investigate some of the important heavy metal contents in sediments such as Iron, Copper, Chromium, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, and Fluoride of the Godavari river basin from Trimbakeshwar to Rawer in Maharashtra

Background Chronic renal Disease (CRD) is becoming a real major public health problem worldwide, renal transplantation provides the best long-term treatment for chronic renal failure. Singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play a major role in the understanding of the genetic basis of many complex human diseases. Also, the genetics of human phenotype variation could be understood by knowing the functions of these SNPs. It is still a major challenge to identify the functional SNPs in a disease-related gene.

Information & Knowledge has become a critical asset in any organization either private or public. For the public service in particular, the need to be more innovative in decision-making and service delivery. Employees in the organizations may leave due to transfers, retirements and death. When someone leaves, their knowledge, skills, competencies, understanding, and experience leaves too. At this point of view Knowledge management (KM) can save losing critical knowledge and provides an opportunity to mitigate the effects of such loses. If there is sufficient process to track lessons learned and best practices followed by employees, then it will allow sharing best practices. There are same for other public sectors such as Provincial offices and other District Secretariats to maintain effective Knowledge Management, then there should be a competitive advantage and business value. Therefore they can provide better service to the public. KM focuses on organizing and makes available important knowledge, wherever and whenever it is needed. The aim of this study is to raise awareness of knowledge management, support governmental organization in achieving their objectives and to prepare suitable knowledge management framework. Data were gathered through questionnaires and distributed to knowledge workers at Batticaloa District Secretariat. Based on the information gathered, a framework has been developed targeting Batticaloa District Secretariat.

Bama Faustina, one of the first Dalit women writers to be widely recognised and translated, was born in Puthupatti, Tamilnadu. She has committed herself to impart the values of self respect and social consciousness among this (Dalit) section of society. Her works include Karukku (1992), a well known autobiography, Sangati and Vanman. Sangati which means news or events or happenings, is originally written in Tamil and translated by Lakshmi Holmstrom in 1994. It is one of the greatest contributions to the galaxy of Dalit Literature so this paper is a sober attempt to bring into limelight the issues of Dalit marginalization and exploitation and multiple oppressions of Dalit women whether it is outside their community or within itself.

School children form an important segment of population; constitute about twenty percent of total population in India. The school age being one of the crucial period of life, forty percent of the physical growth and eighty percent of the mental growth is believed to take place during this period and more vulnerable to malnutrition; which leads to stunting of physical growth and intellectual development. In rural areas it is closely linked to their social, cultural and economic status. Socio- economic factors such as age, sex, per capita income, parental education have an impact on nutritional status of children. This study was aimed to study the extent of Malnutrition among backward class children and socio-economic factors associated with the extent of malnutrition. A representative sample of 100 backward class children of seven to fourteen years from Jind district of Haryana State was selected. The pretested semi-structured interview schedule was administered to the subjects to gather relevant data and data was statistically analyzed by using percentages and chi-square test. Result indicated that majority of the children (90%) were found to beundernourished as per their weight for age of children was concerned and 57 percent undernourished when measured as per their height for age of children. It was also found that children belonging to illiterate mothers, working at farms, having two meals patterns at home with father engaged in caste occupation were reported to be malnourished to a greater extent in comparison to the children of educated mothers who were working as a house wives only with practicing three meal patters at home and fathers engaging himself in agricultural labors.

The work analyzes compound adjectives of selected newspapers editorials and maps their usage. Main focus of this work lies in the study of the role of compound adjectives in enhancing editorial writings of selected newspapers and the description, analysis and classification of found compound adjectives. The classifications of compound adjectives is based on their grammatical structure as well as on their central lexical element. The thesis comments on orthographical and semantic features of identified compound adjectives. Data for the study were collected from 40 editorials selected from different newspapers

For a newly conceived subject, Housing Imagination (HI) needs methodological clarification on various topics that it covers. This paper examines home study as an HI subject. In the discussion, the writer makes use of an adapted ‘processes of organization meanings’ (POM) model of the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) of P.B. Checkland and S. Holwell as a conceptual reference framework to review this HI subject of home study. It is argued that HI can be quite comfortably anchored theoretically on Soft Systems Thinking. Nevertheless, doing so does not hinder more sophisticated HI practitioners to adopt a more critical theoretical stance to conduct HI study with critical theory, which aligns more closely with the theoretical position of Geographical Imagination (GI) as propounded by the GI originators. A brief discussion on the notions of place, home, and house in this paper also serves as a pedagogical means for HI study.

Higher education institution is like any other business institutions where the management need to understand its customer needs and wants in order to remain competitive. Past literature has highlighted the importance of understanding motivational factors among undergraduates at the higher education institution as this will affect their future. Even though there were studies undertaken to explore these undergraduate’s motivational factors, less is known about the minority group of Zambia undergraduates in Malaysia. This paper aims to explore how Zambia undergraduate's make the decision to study abroad and what influence their decision in the selection of a Malaysian Private University. Six Zambia undergraduates in Kuala Lumpur were invited to participate in this study. Data were collected from open-ended questions and interviews which were carried out over two months. Findings indicated that these undergraduates considered two motivating factors for study abroad; achieving personal development and to attain a good job. The findings as mentioned by Zambia undergraduates might be unique because they believe confidence, group work, respect, influence and interpersonal skills are needed for them to adapt to the foreign university environment. Thiscurrent study contributes to better understanding of Zambia undergraduates and will help universities to have a greater knowledge about the motivating factors of Zambia undergraduates for furthering study in private higher education. Finally, the limitations and future directions are discussed.

Water plays a pivotal role in human life. Physico - chemical & bacteriological parameters affects human to a greater extent of coming various water borne diseases. Water samples in various seasons & three years were collected from Angoori barrage Datia during 2009-11 were analyzed for Physico-chemical & Microbiological parameters. The physical (Colour, pH, Temperature, Conductivity, Turbidity, TDS, Alkalinity, &Total Hardness) and chemical parameters (DO, BOD and COD) of the samples were studied for pre monsoon & post monsoon season. The colour of Angoori Barrage water samples was found transparent green in pre monsoon and post monsoon was observed turbid. pH, Temperature, TDS, Alkalinity, Conductivity, Total Hardness, BOD & COD were found higher during pre monsoon while Turbidity & DO was found higher in post monsoon. MPN value of water increases during post monsoon. Maximum value of total coliform, faecal coli form and faecal streptococcal coli form was observed during Post monsson. Maximum value of TPC was observed 42×104 cfu/ml during post monsoon. IMViC test differentiate the member of Enterobacteriaceae family. This research work indicates that the water is highly contaminated and not found suitable for drinking purposes.

Loneliness was found to be a problem for a significant portion of the population. Loneliness can be described as a gnawing chronic disease without redeeming features which has long been recognized as a strong correlate of depressive symptoms. Loneliness is a common, universal human experience with emotional, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral dimensions, and has various types and degrees. The study aimed to assess loneliness among young adults across gender. It was carried out on sample of 120 young adults ( 60 men and 60 women) of Lucknow city who were administered by UCLA loneliness scale. The purposive random sampling technique was used. The data revealed that loneliness level was more in men than in women.

The government of India introduced the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 to fulfill the constitutional and international obligations. The RTE Act was implemented on April 01, 2010 with aim to provide free and compulsory primary education to all the children in the age group of 06-14 years .This act was implemented with apprehension of its success. Numerious challenges had been highlighted in the path of the Act. About four years have been passed till the implementation of the Act and findings of Numerious studies show the partial success of the Act due to some major challenges. The present paper is about the analysis of the three major challenges Access, funding and Quality to the RTE Act, 2009.By solving these three challenges, the rest of the challenges would not create so many obstacles in the success of the RTE Act. Some suggestions have been put forwarded for the success of RTE Act.

The paper introduces preliminary information about lichens of Kura Araks lowland. The list includes 58 species, 2 varieties of 26 localities. Out of this, 17 species were new to the Kura Araks lowland and 3 species for the lichen flora of Azerbaijan.

Six antagonistic fungi were isolated from naturally infested soil with nematodes, purified, identified and grown on PDA. The grown isolates were sterile-filtered to remove fungal biomass and the filtrates were placed into well plates to test their effects on the hatching of Meloidogyne incognita egg-masses. M. incognita egg-masses hatch ranged from 85.0% when using Arthrobotrys superba to 98.3 when using Trichoderma harzianum compared with untreated control.

Assia Djebar, Algerian novelist, noted for her feminist stance was the only Muslim student in high school who later became the first Algerian woman to be accepted into the École Normale Supérieure. At the age of twenty, Djebar joined the Algerian student strikes in support of Algeria’s struggle for independence from France, a cause that became more personal to her when her brother was held in a French prison and French soldiers ransacked her mother’s home. In her novels Djebar turned the language of the colonizer into language of resistance. She used the language of the Others for her autobiographical works. In this paper I would like to show how the female body becomes an écriture of resistance in her collection of short stories called Women of Algiers in their Apartments. As an Algerian and a Muslim woman, dominated by colonial masculine society, she challenges them through her writing, which became a mode of resistance to colonial male oppression. Woman who were erased from history were brought to the forefront. She challenged the overbearing patriarchy by examining the place of Algerian women under patriarchal nationalists, finding women’s bodies and minds imprisoned by physical walls and mental veils. Through her discourse, she contributed to liberate their voices and gaze which emanated from their bodies. Thus the bodies, literally as well as metaphorically become a mode of resistance to their oppression.

The present research work intent to study the impact of socioeconomic status on personality of male and female pupil teachers (B.Ed.) trainee. Hence the researchers aim at to find out the Impact of socio - economic status (SES) on personality of male and female pupil teachers. Researchers selecting 1000 samples out of total population on the basis random sampling techniques with the help of standardized tools collected data and on the basis of normative survey method analysis and interpretation with required statistical technique like Mean, Standard Deviation, Critical Ratio, Degree of Freedom, Coefficient of Correlation, and ANOVA tested the hypotheses find out the purposive findings to focus on proper suggestive suggestion towards conclusion.

The effect of time management training is something created. A central group of employs who were awaiting training also take part in the study to control something good impact. The results help in time management training also helpful in lessening worry and doing some work there. Emotional stability has the main role in the personality studies .This study part will develop an emotional study scale.

Pot experiments conducted for the evaluation of efficacy of biocontrol agent viz., Arthrobotrys oligospora and Paecilomyces lilacinus against root knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in wheat revealed that soil application of Arthrobotrys oligospora and Paecilomyces lilacinus alone or in combination was able to control the nematode population and improve the yield. Combined soil application of A. oligospora (@ 5ml/pot) + P. lilacinus (@ 5ml/pot) as soil application was effective to check the root knot nematode in wheat.

An investigation on molecular diversity of Murrah and Mehsana buffalo breeds was done to check primer discriminatory power, banding pattern of primer among fifteen accessions through ISSR. The DNA isolated from 10 ml blood by using the procedure suggested by Hoelzel (1992) who found sufficient for good quality of ISSR analysis. Out of 20 primers used only 15 produced amplicons. The total amplicons generated were 141 with 122 being polymorphic with 86.52% polymorphism. Among Primer A and Primer D could distinguish all the genotypes, the highest discriminatory index (1.0) was obtained. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficient generated on the basis of ISSR profiling showed an average similarity of 45% among all the 10 accessions. The diversity range from 23% to 77%. The SAHN clustering based on UPGMA algorithms has put genotypes in three groups, first one with 4 accessions and second one with 3 accessions and third group with 2 accessions and one accession alone. In conclusion buffalo accession harbors a good diversity. It would be valuable resource for breeding purpose.